About Book

Livestock management is an integral part of the way-of-life for the people of the world. Many farmers and ranchers depend upon livestock production for their livelihoods. With livestock mismanagement and spread of diseases, we are all affected. Animal disease is an impairment of the normal state of an animal that interrupts or modifies its vital functions. Three principal reasons most often cited for the spread of diseases are poor sanitation, improper management, and introduction of new animals into a herd. Proper management practices are the keys to profitable livestock enterprises. The branch of medicine called veterinary medicine deals with the study, prevention, and treatment of diseases not only in domesticated animals but also in wild animals and in animals used in scientific research. The prevention, control, and eradication of diseases of economically important animals are agricultural concerns. Research and innovation are essential to ensure continuous improvements needed for a sustainable and competitive livestock sector. Animal diseases have been prevented by methods involving environmental control, including the maintenance of safe water supplies, the hygienic disposal of animal excrement, air sanitation, pest control, and the improvement of animal housing, helicobacter spp. Infection, mycobacterium avium complex, hormones and tumors. This book covers the comparative aspects of animal physiology in a simple filed manner to meet the needs of researchers in physiology, veterinary medicine and animal sciences. It offers comprehensive information concerning pathology, cytological and anatomopathological aspects, amyloidosis in domestic animals, bacteriophage treatment, risk factors for brucella spp and causes of disorders. The scope of this book is to present the most recent trends causing diseases in farm animals and how these approaches result in new strategies of treatment. Coverage of diseases addresses major animal diseases of all countries, including foreign animal and emerging diseases. User-friendly format makes it easier to quickly absorb key information. It provides species-specific information and is suitable for advanced graduates as well as researchers and practitioners.

Preface............................................................................................................v

Chapter 1 Cellularity Description of Adipose Depots in Domesticated Animals.........................................................................................................1

Abstract...................................................................................................1

1. Introduction: cellularity of adipose tiSsue.......................................1

2. Adipose depots in domesticated animals........................................3

3. Adipogenesis and lipogenesis............................................................4

4. Adipocyte hyperplasia and hypertrophy.........................................7

5. Adipocyte size distribution.................................................................8

6. Conclusion............................................................................................13

Acknowledgements.............................................................................13

Chapter 2 Chromosome Abnormalities in Domestic Animals as Causes of Disorders of Sex Development or Impaired Fertility......................22

Abstract.................................................................................................22

1. Introduction..........................................................................................22

2. Sex chromosome DSD........................................................................29

3. Decreased fertility in carriers of balanced chromosome

aberrations............................................................................................32

4. Conclusions..........................................................................................36

Acknowledgements.............................................................................36

Chapter 3 Risk Factors for Brucella spp. in Domestic and Wild Animals....44

Abstract ................................................................................................44

1. Introduction..........................................................................................45

2. Risk factors of brucellosis in animals.............................................47

3. Conclusions..........................................................................................64

Acknowledgements.............................................................................64

Chapter 4 Sex Steroid Hormones and Tumors in Domestic Animals............81

1. Introduction..........................................................................................81

2. Methods for studying steroid hormone receptors.......................82

3. Mammary gland tumours in dogs and cats..................................84

4. Female and male reproductive-tract tumours in dogs and

cats.........................................................................................................89

5. Cutaneous tumours in dogs and cats.............................................92

6. Conclusion............................................................................................97

Chapter 5 Mycobacterium avium Complex in Domestic and Wild

Animals.....................................................................................................109

1. Introduction........................................................................................109

2. Classification and biology of Mycobacterium avium complex...110

3. Clinical signs and morphology in domestic and wild

species..................................................................................................113

4. Diagnostic techniques.......................................................................122

5. Public health concerns.....................................................................130

6. Conclusion..........................................................................................133

Acknowledgements...........................................................................134

Chapter 6 The Role of Helicobacter spp. Infection in Domestic Animals...155

1. Introduction........................................................................................155

2. Treatment............................................................................................164

Chapter 7 Successes and Failures of Bacteriophage Treatment of

Enterobacteriaceae Infections in the Gastrointestinal Tract of

Domestic Animals .................................................................................171

1. Introduction........................................................................................171

2. Successes.............................................................................................173

3. Failures................................................................................................181

4. Potential strategies to overcome failures ....................................184

5. Conclusions........................................................................................187

Chapter 8 Mesothelioma in Domestic Animals: Cytological and

Anatomopathological Aspects ............................................................197

1. Introduction........................................................................................197

2. Anatomopathological aspects ........................................................198

3. Histopathological and cytological aspects ..................................199

4. Differential diagnosis ......................................................................205

5. Conclusion .........................................................................................206

Chapter 9 Impact of Domestic Animals on Ecosystem Integrity of Lesotho High Altitude Peatlands ......................................................................210

1. Introduction........................................................................................210

2. Study area .........................................................................................214

3. Methods .............................................................................................215

4. Results ................................................................................................218

5. Discussion .........................................................................................222

6. Conclusion..........................................................................................229

Chapter 10 Amyloidosis in Domestic Animals: Pathology, Pathogenesis, Gross and Microscopic Lesions and Clinical Findings ...........................236

1. Introduction........................................................................................236

2. Pathology and pathogenesis...........................................................237

3. Clinical findings ...............................................................................244

4. Gross and microscopic lesions.......................................................246

5. Conclusion .........................................................................................249

Citation......................................................................................................255

Index...........................................................................................................257

About Author

Barbara Torello has obtained Ph.D. in Animal Science from Public Research University, Alagoas. She is serving as an Associate Professor of Animal Husbandry at Veterinary Science College, Yucatan. She has written & contributed several books and research papers on behaviour of domestic animals, adaptation of domestic animals and reproduction and breeding techniques for animals. Her interest areas are animal biotechnology and animal nutrition. She is on the editorial board of several renowned agricultural sciences and organic farming journals.