About Book

Agricultural production depends heavily on the nature of the local environment. Factors such as soil permeability, slope, and microclimate have a large effect on yield and water use. It is important to explicitly incorporate the influence of these “microparameters” when assessing agricultural water demand. To ensure food security and sustainable water management for agriculture, there is an urgent need to produce more crops per drop of water used in the agricultural sector and hence ensure that water use efficiency is increased without negative impacts on downstream water quantity and quality. Water management is the management of water resources under set policies and regulations. It refers to managing, distribution, planning and development of technology in order to optimally utilize the water resource, as irrigation is an activity involving manual exploitation of water, therefore, the conservation of water becomes very important. Although Agricultural Water Management includes irrigation, it is not simply about applying water. Increased land and water productivity in rainfed systems will imply technologies and practices but also need to be supported by capacity building, financing, marketing systems and adequate policies and institutional changes. This book examines several issues relating to the relationship between water and agriculture. This book provides comprehensive insights into the fields of monitoring information systems, paddy water management, surface water and groundwater, remote sensing, management strategy, waste water and land subsidence areas. It talks extensively about the importance of water management, especially in an activity like irrigation. It attempts to understand the various methodologies that fall under the practice of irrigation and their relevance in a modern world. For all those who are interested in this topic, this can prove to be an essential guide.

Preface............................................................................................................v

Chapter 1 Flood Damage Reduction in Land Subsidence Areas by Groundwater Management.................................................................................................1

Abstract...................................................................................................1

1. Introduction............................................................................................2

2. Methodology..........................................................................................3

3. Model application...............................................................................10

4. Conclusions..........................................................................................21

Acknowledgements.............................................................................22

Conflict of interest..............................................................................22

Nomenclature.......................................................................................22

Chapter 2 Waste Water Management Systems......................................................26

1. Introduction..........................................................................................26

2. Basic principle......................................................................................28

3. Industrial water treating systems....................................................31

4. Adsorptive, chemical and incineration systems in waster water

treatment...............................................................................................36

5. Waste water management system....................................................48

6. Proactive decision of the waste water management....................52

7. Notation................................................................................................66

8. Index......................................................................................................66

9. Abbervation..........................................................................................66

Chapter 3 Remote Sensing Based Crop Coefficients for Water Management in Agriculture ...........................................................................................71

1. Introduction ........................................................................................71

2. Virtual constellation and space segment operationality .............75

3. Crop coefficient and reference evapotranspiration .....................79

4. Crop coefficient from NDVI and canopy biophysics

parameters ...........................................................................................81

5. Crop coefficient and NDVI relation from field observations ..84

6. Crop coefficient from NDVI: Operational point of view .........87

7. Caia (Portugal) ...................................................................................91

8. Conclusions .........................................................................................98

Chapter 4 Conjunctive Use of Surface Water and Groundwater for Sustainable

Water Management ...............................................................................103

1. Introduction........................................................................................103

2. Conjunctive use optimization ........................................................104

3. Conjunctive use modeling options ...............................................105

4. Conceptual conjunctive use model ..............................................108

5. Conjunctive use model ...................................................................112

Chapter 5 Novel SPP Water Management Strategy and Its Applications ..149

1. Introduction........................................................................................149

2. SPP strategy ....................................................................................155

3. Successful cases by applying SPP strategy (too turbid) ..........158

4. Flood control in Dong-Ting Lake, China (too much) ..............161

5. Algal blooms control in Tai-Hu Lake, China (too dirty) ........165

6. Potential application of SPP strategy to other lakes in the

world ..................................................................................................168

7. Conclusions .......................................................................................172

8. Acknowledgment..............................................................................173

Chapter 6 Paddy Water Management for Precision Farming of Rice ..........176

1. Introduction........................................................................................176

2. Irrigation water management ........................................................178

3. Precision farming of rice ................................................................199

4. Water saving practices ....................................................................206

5. Summary ...........................................................................................214

6. Acknowledgements .........................................................................214

Chapter 7 Monitoring Information Systems to Support Adaptive

Water Management.................................................................................218

1. Introduction........................................................................................218

2. New challenges for monitoring systems and information

management in Adaptive Management (AM) ...........................219

3. Adaptive monitoring and information system ..........................223

4. The adaptability of the groundwater monitoring system in Apulia

Region: Main drawbacks and potential improvements ...........231

5. Conclusion .........................................................................................237

Citation......................................................................................................243

Index...........................................................................................................245

About Author

Dawson Rego pursued his Ph.D. in Environmental Sciences from Technological University, Ontario. He is a Guest Lecturer at Science University, Veracruz. He is actively engaged in the researches focused on water management practices, water metering and rainwater harvesting. Rego has authored and edited several texts, which include articles, technical papers and book chapters, in the fields of water management. He was also awarded the “University Excellence in Teaching” award for his outstanding contribution to the student community in the field of water conservation. He holds prominent membership of renowned agricultural associations.