About Book

In recent years, the development of “soft” ionization methods has enabled substantial progress in the mass spectrometric characterization, in particular important biopolymers such as proteins and nucleic acids. Spectrometry is the measurement of the interactions between light and matter and the reactions and measurements of radiation intensity and wavelength. In other words, spectrometry is a method of studying and measuring a specific spectrum, and it’s widely used for the spectroscopic analysis of sample materials. Spectrometry provides authoritative and comprehensive coverage of all aspects of spectroscopy and closely related subjects that use the same fundamental principles, including mass spectrometry, imaging techniques and applications. It includes the history, theoretical background, details of instrumentation and technology, and current applications of the key areas of spectroscopy. This book provides a complete overview of the principles, theories and key applications of modern spectrometry. Emphasis is placed throughout the book on optimal utilisation conditions. It deals with atomic absorption spectrometry, mass spectrometry, tandem mass spectrometry, proteomics, molecular species and ambient mass spectrometry, imaging mass spectrometry, mass spectrometry instrumentation, chromatography, ionization detection and plasma-mass spectrometry. Most of the topics introduced in this book cover new techniques and the applications of spectrometry. Different approaches, evaluations and methodologies on the subject have been included in the book. It is an invaluable resource for all undergraduate and postgraduate students using this technique in departments of chemistry, biochemistry, medicine, pharmacology, agriculture, material science and food science. It is also of interest for researchers looking for an overview of the latest techniques and developments.

Preface............................................................................................................v

Chapter 1 A Short Overview of the Components in Mass Spectrometry Instrumentation for Proteomics Analyses.............................................1

1. Introduction............................................................................................1

2. Most used components for mass spectrometers in proteomics

analyses ..................................................................................................3

3. Concluding remarks...........................................................................16

Acknowledgements.............................................................................16

Chapter 2 Application of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Imaging Mass Spectrometry...................................................................23

1. Introduction..........................................................................................23

2. MALDI-MS ..........................................................................................24

3. Methodology of MALDI-IMS ..........................................................25

4. Instruments...........................................................................................32

5. Applications of MALDI-IMS ...........................................................33

6. Conclusions..........................................................................................37

7. Acknowledgement ....................................................................................37

Chapter 3 Analysis of Polar Components in Crude Oil by Ambient

Mass Spectrometry...................................................................................45

1. Introduction..........................................................................................45

2. Conventional analytical approaches for characterizing polar

components in crude oil....................................................................47

3. Ambient mass spectrometric approaches.......................................49

4. Conclusions..........................................................................................57

Chapter 4 Characterization of Phospholipid Molecular Species by Means of

HPLC-Tandem Mass Spectrometry .....................................................62

1. Introduction..........................................................................................62

2. Classes of the main phospholipids and their abundance .........63

3. Methods of analysis of phospholipids ..........................................66

4. HPLC Separation, detection and quantitation .............................69

5. ES ionization and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) ...........78

6. Conclusion ...........................................................................................95

Chapter 5 Application of Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Analyzing

Melamine .................................................................................................109

1. Introduction........................................................................................109

2. Analytical method.............................................................................110

3. Sample preparation and tandem mass spectrometry

analysis................................................................................................113

4. Validation of analytical methods...................................................118

5. Other applications of tandem mass spectrometry.....................122

6. Summary.............................................................................................123

7. Acknowledgements...........................................................................124

Chapter 6 Comparative Proteomics of Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analyses

for Bacterial Strains Identification and Differentiation ...............131

1. Introduction........................................................................................131

2. Overview of the utilization of tandem mass spectrometry in

bacterial identification and differentiation .................................132

3. Outer membrane proteins for bacterial strains

differentiation ...................................................................................134

4. Bioinformatics tools for bacterial strains differentiation using

tandem mass spectrometry ............................................................136

5. Experimental methods.....................................................................137

6. Results and discussion.....................................................................140

7. Conclusion .........................................................................................152

Chapter 7 Applications of Tandem Mass Spectrometry: From Structural

Analysis to Fundamental Studies .....................................................159

1. Introduction ......................................................................................159

2. Fragmentation methods (Activation methods)............................168

3. Applications ......................................................................................178

4. Acknowledgment .............................................................................188

Chapter 8 Analysis of Organelle Dynamics by Quantitative Mass Spectrometry Based Proteomics ...................................................................................197

1. Introduction........................................................................................197

2. MS-based quantitative proteomics approaches for proteins and

their posttranslational modifications ...........................................197

3. Spatial analysis of the cellular proteome.....................................205

4. Temporal analysis of proteomes ...................................................212

5. Conclusion..........................................................................................215

6. Acknowledgement ...........................................................................215

Chapter 9 Analysis of High Solid Content in Biological Samples by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ......................................................224

1. Introduction........................................................................................224

2. Experimental .....................................................................................229

3. Results ................................................................................................234

4. Conclusions .......................................................................................243

5. Acknowledgments ...........................................................................244

Citation......................................................................................................249

Index...........................................................................................................251

About Author

Neil Gipe obtained his Ph.D. in Chemistry from Technological University, Toulouse. He is an Assistant Professor at Open Research Institute, Marburg. His research interests include the use of tandem mass spectrometry in the study of catalysis, material chemistry, green and sustainable chemistry, lipidomics, bioavailability and pharmacokinetics. His expertise includes drug metabolites, chromatography, polymer chemistry, and mass spectrometry. Gipe has been the recipient of two awards for his research work in the field of chemistry. He has contributed more than 50 papers in international peer-reviewed journals.